-"World War II: Bletchley Park", c. 1938, Government Communications Headquarters
During WWII, British mathematician Dr. Alan Turing deciphered encrypted messages, aiding Britain's war efforts. Turing's Bombe, a precursor of the computer, was a technological triumph and is estimated to have shortened the war by two years, saving at least 14 million lives. Tragically, in 1952, facing persecution over his sexuality, he was chemically castrated by the same government he had helped protect. Two years later, at the age of 41, Turing, the father of modern computing, died of an apparent suicide.